Blues Guitar Scales : Which Ones And Where To Use

By Nick Dillon


When soloing over a blues progression it is important to know which blues guitar scales will work and sound good. Essentially a blues progression is based on a I, IV, V chord progression and the most common is the 12 bar blues. In blues,these chords tend to be the same type of chords, ie ; major, minor or seventh chords. For example the most common 12 bar blues will be entirely seventh chords, a minor blues may contain only minor chords, and a major blues only major chords.

A twelve bar blues containing only seventh chords will not have a particular scale that will match it musically. One way to approach this is to play the mixolydian mode over the I chord in the key of the I chord. Over the IV chord we could also play the corresponding mixolydian mode and the same with the V chord. Matching different scales to the different chords is one approach to solo over this type of progression. It will give the solo a bright sound, by way of the major third coming through.

A blues progression, as mentioned earlier, can be built with entirely major chords. In this case the best fit would be using the major scale or Ionian mode to solo with. The major pentatonic scale could also be used effectively in this case. Both of these scales match the chords perfectly, in a musical sense.

A blues progression can be constructed with entirely minor chords. In this case use the natural minor scale to solo with. This scale will fit perfectly over this progression, because the chords contain the exact same notes as the corresponding scale.

I would like to introduce the most common blues guitar scale, and explain when it is best suited. This scale is simply called the blues scale, and is the same as the minor pentatonic scale, but has a flat five added to it. If you recall, I mentioned that the most common blues progression is made up of entirely seventh chords(R,3, 5,flat7). This is the one scale that is best suited to play over this type of progression. It may occur to you that this scale has a minor or flat third in it - whilst the chords are using major thirds. It doesn't fit, or make musical sense! Well, in a nutshell this is what gives the blues such a "bluesy" sound - the flat 5 also gives this "bluesy" sound.

I hope you're not too confused by now! So, to find a scale to solo over a typical blues progression, typically a I, IV, V chord progression, firstly look at the I chord. If it is a seventh chord, you could match each chord with the mixolydian mode in three different keys. You could also just use the minor pentatonic scale or the blues scale in the key of the I chord. For example if the I chord is a B seventh, you would use the B blues or minor pentatonic scale. If it is a B major or B minor as the I chord you would use the B major and the B minor scales respectively. You could also just use the B blues scale over these two progressions as well, or a combination. When playing the blues you have many options available to you, so have some fun and experiment with these various blues guitar scales.




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